Activity Profile Between Winners and Losers in Female C class athlete in 28th Sea Games 2015
Title: Activity Profile Between Winners and
Losers in Female C class athlete in 28th Sea Games 2015.
Abstract
In
sport, Silat can be divided by two categories which are silat olahraga and
silat seni. Silat Olahraga is a sparing in competition that will be seen in
this study. Silat is an important component of traditional acting technique. This
review is to decide the activity and indicators that used between a winner and
loser, Vietnam vs. Indonesia female Class C (Vietnam won), Indonesia vs.
Singapore female Class C (Indonesian won) and Indonesia vs. Philippine female
Class C (Indonesia won). There are many indicators that can be found in Silat Oahraga
but in this review, the statistic of this game was consist of punch, kick,
topple and sweep. The outcome will be classified into three which were hit
target, hit elsewhere, and miss opponent (Shapie, Oliver, O’Donoghue, &
Tong, 2013). This to determine the accuracy of how many successful the
technique is good and better from both exponents. There have two tables for
each match which is the first table shows the basic and common techniques used
by pesilat during competition, but for the second table just focuses on the 4
techniques in term of sweeping, kicking, punch and topple.
Introduction
According
to Kartomi (2011), Silat Olahraga is the art of self defence and is a
contemporary umbrella term used in Indonesia and Malaysia and other parts of
Southeast Asia to designate the hundreds of traditional and modern martial art
genres that are performed either solo or as a duel, and with or without musical
accompaniment.
Previous
research has notated the component technique that been used in defensive and
offensive movement such as in mixed martial arts. But there is no specific
research that described the activity involved in silat olahraga that
specifically describes the activity that contributes to the physiological
demands of this combat sport. Pesilat can perform their technique of blocking
by using hand while topple can use hand or leg to take down the opponent. For
kicking there have side kick and straight kick and to get the point or score
must kick at the pad which is located from chest to centre. However, the point
for topple will be collected according to the opponent falling down to the
ground. The notational analyses are used to record the all techniques in silat
olahraga but for the exponent just focus on the block, kick, punch, topple hit
target, hit elsewhere and miss opponent. As an athlete who competed in the
competition, situation is influenced by various factors such as physical,
technical, tactical, and psychological (Latifah, Rusdiana, Ugelta, Budiman,
& Karmini, 2017).
Materials and method
The
data has been collected based on 28th Sea Games Singapore 2015 women 60kg class
C finals pencak silat tanding category between Vietnam and Indonesia, women
60kg class C quarter-final pencak silat tanding category between Singapore and
Indonesia, and women 60kg class C semi-finals pencak silat tanding category
between Indonesia and Philippines. The video was collected by using the YouTube
Channel. The winning and losing participant will be classified and the
game-related statistics were collected. Data collected was hit target, hit
elsewhere and miss target. The video has been notated by Alif Shukran Bin Omar.
Match Analysis
Motion Categories
There are
different types of motion in silat such as:
Punch: ‘Tumbuk’ attack is
done by a hand with closed fist hitting the target. In silat, punching is often
used to fight the opponent. It can be a straight punch ‘tumbuk lurus’ or
uppercut ‘sauk’ to oxponent body’s (Anuar, 1992)
Kick: The kick ‘tendang’
or ‘terajang’ is an attacking movement which is performed with one leg or two
legs simultaneously. A kick can be aimed at any target. It can be front kick
‘tendang depan’, side kick ‘depak’ or semi-circular side kick ‘tendang lengkar’
(Anuar, 1992).
Block: Blocking movements
begin with the posture position ‘sikap pasang’ which the exponent stands
straight with his hands around his body or close to his chest. Blocking or
parrying ‘tangkisan’ can be done using arms, elbows, and legs with the purpose
to block off a striking back at any attack (Anuar,1992).
Catch: The catch
‘tangkapan’ is done by using the hand to obstruct the opponent from carrying
out an attack. The silat exponent is able to prevent himself from being
attacked by pointing the attack which he has caught to another direction. A
catch which twists or drags the opponent is forbidden. Also, a catch which
could break the part which is being held such as the leg and waist is also
forbidden. These regulations exit to protect the silat exponent’s (Anuar, 1992).
Topple: There are various
ways of toppling down one’s opponent. For example, a silat exponent ‘pesilat’
can either push, shove the opponent’s back leg from the bag or from the side,
shove, hit, kick, strike or punch to make the opponent lose his balance. Every
fall is considered valid as long as the silat exponent topples his opponent
down without wrestling or he is able to overpower the opponent whom he has
brought down.
Sweep: The blocking
movements begin with the posture position ‘sikap pasang’ the exponent stands
straight with his hands around his body or close to his chest. Blocking or
parrying ‘tangkisan’ can be done using arms, elbows and legs with the purpose
to block off or striking back at any attack.
Dodge: The evade ‘elakan’
technique is carried out by silat exponent when he tries to evade an attack. This technique does not require the silat exponent to touch the opponent in
fending off the attack. They are many ways of carrying out his defensive
movement such as dodging ‘gelek’, retreat ‘mundur’, evasion to the side ‘elak
sisi’, bending ‘elak serung’, jumping ‘lonjak’ and ducking ‘susup’.
Self-Release: Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a
technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent.
Block and Punch: The blocking technique is used to block any
hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the
hand to punch the opponent.
Block and Kick: The blocking technique is used to block any
hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the
leg to kick the opponent.
Block and Sweep: The blocking technique is used to block any
hand or leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using
sweeping technique to the opponent.
Fake Punch: An action which silat exponent intend to
confuse the opponent using a fake punch to break his opponent’s defensive
posture.
Fake Kick: An action which silat exponent intend to
confuse the opponent using a fake kick to break his opponent defensive posture.
Statiscal Analysis
All the raw data collected
from all matches used the system produced by Shapie at all by 2013. Statiscal
analysis was conducted using SPSS. A descriptive analysis was used to determine
the different of performance between winners and losers in silat matches.
Results
Table
1.1 Indonesia vs. Singapore female
Class C (Indonesian won)
Action
|
Outcome
|
||||||||
Winner
|
Loser
|
Total
|
|||||||
HT
|
HE
|
MO
|
NA
|
HT
|
HE
|
MO
|
NA
|
||
Block
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Block
and Kick
|
|||||||||
Block
and Punch
|
|||||||||
Block
and Sweep
|
|||||||||
Kick
|
5
|
17
|
4
|
22
|
1
|
49
|
|||
Fake
Kick
|
|||||||||
Punch
|
4
|
3
|
7
|
||||||
Fake
Punch
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
9
|
||||
Self-release
|
|||||||||
Topple
|
1
|
1
|
|||||||
Sweep
|
1
|
7
|
1
|
9
|
|||||
Catch
|
2
|
5
|
7
|
||||||
Dodge
|
|||||||||
Total
|
10
|
24
|
1
|
6
|
15
|
25
|
2
|
83
|
|
*HT=Hit Target HE=Hit Elsewhere MO=Miss Opponent NA=Not Available
Table
1.2 Frequency profile of 2 opponents
Exponent
|
Punch
|
Kick
|
Topple
|
Sweep
|
Total
|
Winner
|
22
|
1
|
9
|
32
|
|
Loser
|
27
|
27
|
|||
Total
|
49
|
1
|
9
|
59
|
Table
1.3 Mean for each team
Winner
|
(22
+ 1 + 9) / 4 = 8
|
Loser
|
27/4
=6.75
|
Table
2.1 Vietnam vs. Indonesia female
Class C (Vietnam won)
Action
|
Outcome
|
|||||||||
Hit Elsewhere
|
Hit Target
|
Miss Opponent
|
Not Available*
|
Total
|
||||||
VIE
|
INA
|
VIE
|
INA
|
VIE
|
INA
|
VIE
|
INA
|
VIE
|
INA
|
|
Block
|
4
|
5
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
2
|
||||
Block and Kick
|
5
|
3
|
3
|
|||||||
Block and Punch
|
||||||||||
Block and Sweep
|
||||||||||
Kick
|
2
|
5
|
13
|
14
|
2
|
6
|
17
|
25
|
||
Fake Kick
|
96
|
1
|
96
|
1
|
||||||
Punch
|
||||||||||
Fake Punch
|
||||||||||
Self-Release
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
||||||
Topple
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
4
|
3
|
8
|
4
|
|||
Sweep
|
2
|
1
|
7
|
2
|
7
|
5
|
||||
Catch
|
3
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
22
|
9
|
25
|
||
Dogde
|
3
|
3
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
9
|
7
|
||
Others
|
29
|
29
|
29
|
29
|
||||||
Total
|
13
|
22
|
28
|
24
|
16
|
38
|
125
|
30
|
181
|
105
|
*HT=Hit
Target HE=Hit Elsewhere MO=Miss Opponent NA=Not Available
EXPONENT
|
PUNCH
|
KICK
|
SWEEP
|
TOPPLE
|
TOTAL
|
WINNER
|
-
|
17
|
7
|
8
|
32
|
LOSSER
|
-
|
25
|
5
|
4
|
34
|
TOTAL
|
0
|
42
|
12
|
12
|
66
|
Table 2.3: Mean
for each team
Winner
|
(18+7+8)/4=8
|
Losser
|
(25+5+4)/4=8.5
|
Table 3. Indonesia
vs. Philippine female Class C (Indonesia won)
Action
|
Outcome
|
|||||||||
HE
|
HT
|
MO
|
NA
|
Total
|
||||||
INA
|
PHI
|
INA
|
PHI
|
INA
|
PHI
|
INA
|
PHI
|
INA
|
PHI
|
|
Block
|
5
|
2
|
5
|
2
|
||||||
Block and Kick
|
||||||||||
Block and Punch
|
||||||||||
Block and Sweep
|
||||||||||
Kick
|
21
|
27
|
13
|
8
|
5
|
5
|
39
|
40
|
||
Fake Kick
|
1
|
1
|
||||||||
Punch
|
1
|
3
|
6
|
3
|
7
|
|||||
Fake Punch
|
1
|
6
|
7
|
|||||||
Self-Release
|
2
|
2
|
||||||||
Topple
|
1
|
1
|
||||||||
Sweep
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
||||||
Catch
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
||||||
Dogde
|
||||||||||
Others
|
||||||||||
Total
|
25
|
29
|
23
|
19
|
2
|
5
|
12
|
115
|
||
*HT=Hit
Target HE=Hit Elsewhere MO=Miss Opponent NA=Not Available
Table 3.2 Frequency profile of all matches
EXPONENT
|
PUNCH
|
KICK
|
SWEEP
|
TOPPLE
|
TOTAL
|
Winner
|
3
|
39
|
5
|
2
|
49
|
Loser
|
7
|
40
|
47
|
||
TOTAL
|
10
|
79
|
5
|
2
|
96
|
Table 3.3 Mean
each team:
EXPONENT
|
MEAN
|
ANSWER
|
Winner
|
(3 + 39 + 5 +
2) / 4
|
12.25
|
Loser
|
(7 + 40) / 7
|
11.75
|
Discussion
Based on the result, group
statistics can be found by the SPSS software that being used to calculate all
the possible data according to the notated exponent statistics. All the 2 silat
olahraga matches are being conquered by Indonesia Team. It shows those
Indonesia athletes are dominant to control their opponent during the match’s.
But in the final match, team Indonesia lose to team Vietnam.
On the first table, which is quarter-final match
between Indonesia vs. Singapore female class C (Indonesian won), winner athlete
is gained point because hit opponent by successful sweep which are has more
point if the opponent down. Overall, the match was dominate by athlete
Indonesia after 2nd round.
On the second table, which is final match
between Vietnam vs Indonesia class C women (Indonesia won), winner athlete was
slow at the first round which mostly wasted time but gained more point on the
second round and third found. Although the statistic shows their score are
almost the same, but winner athlete was less on making mistake than losser athlete.
On the third table, which is semi-final match between
Indonesia vs. Philippine female Class C (Indonesia won), winner athlete were
dominate the game after 2nd round. We can see the data frequencies
shows winner has more point on hit target and less on missing opponent. These
are among intense match which each athletes are collected more point on the
last round of the match. The silat games
need high expenditure energy level to perform in short period of time. Another
factor has exponent had an ability to read opponent technique to hit the
specific target. Therefore, timing, power and accuracy training should balance
with a punch and sweep training to increase the performance in silat.
Conclusion
Silat match can be analysed by
using the hand notation indicators by recording and evaluate. This study supplied the knowledg
for the silat by looking at the activity involved in competition. High intensity actions involved
more than low intensity actions by the silat
exponent. This is because, points are majorly contributed by doing the
high intensity actions rather than low intensity actions such as kicking,
punching and others. The frequency of attacking and defending also has a range
by the exponent.
Post-event analysis of hand
notation indicates that the prototype system developed for this study can be
used to record and evaluate a silat olahraga match.
This study complemented with
those of the broad work and rest study undertaken by Shapie et al (2013). The current study has provided
a great understanding of information for the silat olahraga by looking at the
activity involved in competition. Both of the exponents performed more high intensity actions than low
intensity actions (i.e. the frequency count). Furthermore, winner clearly shows
that they are also good at toppling down and kicking which gives higher points
to win the match. But still, punching and kicking are the very fundamental
skills to gain points in silat olahraga. The differences of variation in
techniques and accuracy of the kicking between both exponents are important to
winning the match. This study is to provide knowledge on collecting detailed
information in silat olahraga match to analyze the opponent or the athletes themselves
to make a proper training plan to win the matches in the next future.
References
Shapie
M.N.M, Oliver J., O’Donoghue PG, Tong R. (2013). Activity profile
during action time in national silat competition. Journal of Combat Sport and
Martial Art. 1(2); Vol. 4,81-86 DOI: 10.5604/20815735.1073630
http://www.seagames2015.com/the-games/official-results
Shapie M.N.M, Zenal Z., Parnabas, V., Abdullah N.M (2016). The Correlation
between Leadership Coaching Style and Satisfaction among University Silat
Olahraga Athletes. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 16(3), pp. 34–39.
DOI:10.14589/ido.16.3.4
Parnabas, V., Shapie, M.N.M, Parnabas, J. (2015). Motives of taking part in Malay
Silat, Karate-Do and Taekwondo. “Ido Movement for Culture Journal of Martial
Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 15(3), pp. 8–21 DOI:10.14589/ido.15.3.3
Widiastuti (2014). Using Game Approach in Improving Learning Outcomes of Pencak
Silat. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.
Doi:10.5539/ass.v10n5p168.
during action time in national silat competition. Journal of Combat Sport and
Martial Art. 1(2); Vol. 4,81-86 DOI: 10.5604/20815735.1073630
http://www.seagames2015.com/the-games/official-results
Shapie M.N.M, Zenal Z., Parnabas, V., Abdullah N.M (2016). The Correlation
between Leadership Coaching Style and Satisfaction among University Silat
Olahraga Athletes. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 16(3), pp. 34–39.
DOI:10.14589/ido.16.3.4
Parnabas, V., Shapie, M.N.M, Parnabas, J. (2015). Motives of taking part in Malay
Silat, Karate-Do and Taekwondo. “Ido Movement for Culture Journal of Martial
Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 15(3), pp. 8–21 DOI:10.14589/ido.15.3.3
Widiastuti (2014). Using Game Approach in Improving Learning Outcomes of Pencak
Silat. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.
Doi:10.5539/ass.v10n5p168.
Semi-final
match women class C silat sukan sea 2015 Indonesia vs Phillipines
Quater-final
match women class C silat sukan sea 2015 Indonesia vs Singapore
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